tive measurements of physical activity, as intensity and duration of participation likely influence the effectiveness of exercise interventions. Copyright © 2020 Baumgartner, Weberruß, Oberhoffer-Fritz and Schulz.Background Reflux aspiration secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the causes of chronic gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidity in children with esophageal atresia (EA). Currently there are no simple, validated non-invasive tests for the diagnosis of reflux aspiration in children. Objectives The aim of this pilot study was to investigate pepsin detected in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and saliva as a potential non-invasive marker of reflux aspiration in children with EA. Methods EBC and saliva samples were prospectively collected from children with EA aged between 5 and 18 years attending a multidisciplinary EA Clinic. Pepsin in the samples was assayed by two methods, a commercial lateral flow device, the Peptest™ and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and correlated with validated gastrointestinal and respiratory symptom questionnaires and objective measures of GERD and respiratory function. Results EBC were collected from 18 children with EA, 15/18 also provided salivary samples. Pepsin was not detected in any of the EBC samples using the Peptest™ and only 1/14 (7.1%) samples by the ELISA. However, pepsin was detected in 33 and 83% of saliva samples when analyzed with Peptest™ and the ELISA respectively. Salivary pepsin levels were significantly higher in children with reflux symptoms or wheeze. Pepsin was detected by the Peptest™ in the saliva of 5/5 (100%) children with histological evidence of reflux esophagitis compared with 0/2 (0%) in children with normal histology (p = 0.048). Conclusions Salivary pepsin was detected in a large proportion of children with EA and was significantly associated with GERD symptoms or wheeze. The role of salivary pepsin as a potential non-invasive marker of reflux aspiration in children with EA needs further validation in future studies with larger cohorts. Copyright © 2020 Upendran, Leach, Singh, McBride, Thomas, Belessis and Krishnan.Background The aim of the study was to analyze the treatment outcome and genetic characteristics of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in children in Poland from 2005 to 2018. Methods All 41 patients diagnosed with APL in Poland during the analysis period were eligible for the study. In period I (2005-2015), 33 patients were treated with chemotherapy and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and in period II (2015-2018), 3 patients (high risk) received induction chemotherapy with ATRA and arsenic trioxide (ATO), and 5 patients (standard risk) received ATRA and ATO without chemotherapy. Results Probability of 5-years overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) was 0.819 ± 0.069, 0.831 ± 0.063, and 0.961 ± 0.037, respectively, in the whole cohort. Four (11%) early deaths were observed. One patient died of severe infection in the course of disease progression. Relapse occurred in one patient, who died finally because of disease progression. All events occurred in the patients from period I. Variant APL was identified in one patient (successfully treated with chemotherapy with ATRA) and complex translocation in one patient (the only patient with relapse). Additional chromosomal aberrations were found in 26% of patients and FLT3-ITD mutation was detected in 44% of patients; none of those changes influenced clinical outcome. Conclusion Treatment outcome in the analyzed group is similar to the results reported by other study groups. The main cause of death was coagulation disorders in the early stage of disease. Early, accurate diagnosis followed by specific treatment enables the reduction in the number of early deaths. Copyright © 2020 Czogała, Pawińska-Wa?sikowska, Ksia?żek, Sikorska-Fic, Matysiak, Rodziewicz-Konarska, Chybicka, Skalska-Sadowska, Wachowiak, Muszyńska-Rosłan, Krawczuk-Rybak, Grabowski, Kowalczyk, Zielezińska, Urasiński, Tomaszewska, Szczepański, Karpińska-Derda, Woszczyk, Pohorecka, Karolczyk, Młynarski, Mycko, Badowska, Skoczeń and Balwierz.A rapid increase in cancer incidence accompanied by aging population requires evidence-based supportive cancer care practices. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jsh-23.html Cancer therapies often accompany adverse events which induce malnutrition and declined quality of life. We conducted an 8-week non-randomized clinical trial to evaluate efficacy of cereal-based oral nutritional supplement (ONS) intervention on nutritional status, quality of life and inflammatory responses in cancer patients undergoing cancer therapy with 5% less then weight loss. The study included 34 pateints (24 in control group, 10 in intervention group) with 15 drop-outs. ONS used in this intervention contained 0.5% arabinoxylan-rich fermented rice bran powder and 5.5% black rice powder as active ingredients in a regular cereal-based formula. Results showed that ONS intervention for 8 weeks did not show significant improvement in blood biomarkers of nutritional status or patient-generated subjective global assessment scores. However, 8-week of intervention showed reduced interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β secretion in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells while IL-12p70 level was increased. For health-related quality of life (HRQoL) indices, emotional functioning and fatigue symptoms were improved after 4 weeks only in the intervention group although no difference was found at week 8. These results suggest that ONS intervention may improve chronic inflammatory status and HRQoL indices (at week 4) in cancer patients receiving treatments. Copyright © 2020 Korean Society of Cancer Prevention.The aim of radiotherapy is to deliver the highest possible radiation dose to the tumor and the lowest radiation to normal tissues surrounding the tumor. In the present study, lymph nodes of the supraclavicular region were treated using two therapeutic techniques, namely photon technique (PT) and combinatory photon-electron technique (CPET). We recruited 50 patients with local lymph node metastasis. The photon energies were 6-15 MV. Furthermore, the electron beam energy was 18 MeV in CPET. The study findings revealed that the mean delivered dose to target volume was 41.12 ± 2.98Gy for PT and 44.56 ± 1.90Gy for CPET. The percentage of the target volume irradiated to 90% of the prescribed dose (V90) was calculated as 74.61% ± 9.30% and 82.06% ± 9.70% for PT and CPET, respectively. The mean dose delivered to the heart and lungs was not significantly different between the two groups. Furthermore, the maximum doses delivered to the spinal cord were 12.55Gy in PT and 8.89Gy in CPET. The mean doses delivered to the thyroid gland were 39.